Functional Grammar Part — 1 ( The sentences and exercises )
The sentence :
Whenever we want to express our thoughts, we do so with the help of words.
These words must be put together in a certain order, words which are used without any order does not make any sense.
Read the following groups of words:
Birds fly in the air.
The sun sets in the east.
January is the coldest month of the year.
Each of the groups of words make complete sense.
A group of words arranged in a way so as to make complete sense is called a sentence
Kinds of sentences:
Sentences are used for several purposes. We use a sentence for making a statement , to ask questions, to order or to request , or for expressing a feeling.
There are four kinds of sentences:
a ) Assertive ( declarative )
A sentence that simply states or declares or asserts something is called an Assertive sentence.
A statement can be affirmative or negative .
Examples:
Some people hunt wild animals.
A bear will never touch a dead body.
All that glitters is not gold.
b ) Interrogative sentence :
A sentence that asks a question is called an interrogative sentence.
Examples:
Why did you not come to school yesterday?
What color is your hair ?
c ) imperative sentences:
A sentence that expresses a command , advice , a request, an entreaty or a wish is called an imperative sentence.
Examples:
Close the door. ( Command )
May God bless you. ( Wish )
Help me, O Lord ( Entreaty )
d ) exclamatory sentence:
A sentence that expresses some strong or sudden feelings is called an exclamatory sentence.
Examples;
How hot the day is !
What a wonderful day !
Remember:
A ) Every sentence begins with a capital letter.
B ) Every assertive and imperative sentence ends with a full stop.
C ) Every interrogative sentence ends with a Question Mark. ( ? )
D ) Every exclamatory sentence ends with an exclamation mark. ( ! )
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English Grammar in Use: A Self Study Reference and Practice Book Intermediate Learners Book
Exercise: State whether the following sentences are Assertive, Interrogative, Imperative or Exclamatory .
- Don’t disturb me in my studies.
- The fire burns brightly.
- What a clever man he is !
- Don’t throw garbage on the road.
- Where do you go after school ?
- Little children should not go to bed late.
- May I have some water ?
- The book you gave me is not so interesting.
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